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Hypertension or high blood pressure is a common condition in which the strength of the flow of blood against your artery walls is high enough.Hypertension increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Cause
Risk factors for hypertension include obesity, drinking too much alcohol, smoking, and family history.One of the most dangerous aspects of hypertension is that each individual may not know that have them because they never checked his blood pressure.Nearly a third of people who have high blood pressure do not know it.The only way to find out if high blood pressure is through regular blood pressure checks.This is especially important if we have a relative or descendant of high blood pressure.
symptom
If your blood pressure is very high, there may be certain symptoms to look out for, including:
- Severe headaches
- Fatigue or confusion
- Vision problems (possible complications to the retina of the eye)
- Chest pain
- Hard to breath
- Irregular heartbeat
- The presence of blood in the urine (possible complications to the kidneys)
- Pounding in the chest, neck, or ears
If you have any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately.Uncontrolled blood pressure capable of causing the patient to fall into the condition of hypertensive crisis, namely hypertension which causes failure of organs such as heart attack or stroke.
Untreated hypertension can cause serious illness, including stroke, heart disease, kidney failure and eye problems.
Enforcement Diagnosis and Tests
High blood pressure is often calledthe "silent disease"because patients usually do not know that his body had high blood pressure;there may be no symptoms or signs appear, so regular blood pressure monitoring is very important.The diagnosis is by means sphygnomanometer.
National consensus has recommended that digital blood pressure monitors are even more accurate than manual tools (performed by trained medical personnel).Why?Digital tools have the ability to measure the diastolic is more uncertain than manual devices.
High blood pressure itself is divided into three:
Grade I hypertension is when the systolic blood pressure above or equal to 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure above or equal to 90 mmHg.Enforcement of hypertension grade I was when during two inspections in a row in the span of a week the patient showed that blood pressure.
Grade 2 hypertension is when the systolic blood pressure above or equal to 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure above or equal to 100 mmHg at a single examination.
Hypertensive crisis that is when the diastolic blood pressure is above or equal to 180 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure above or equal to 110 mmHg.Hypertensive crisis itself is divided into two: hypertensive emergencies (if there is a vital organ failure) and hypertensive urgency (if it has not happened yet vital organ failure.
Care & Treatment
Treatment of high blood pressure can be a variety of approaches including dietary changes, medication, and exercise.
- High Blood Pressure and Smoking: Do you know that people who smoke are more likely to have hypertension and heart disease?
- Hypertension and Stress: Stress can cause emotional problems, psychological, and even physical, including coronary heart disease and high blood pressure.Stress management is important to avoid high blood pressure
- Consumption of salt: salt intake researched trigger hypertension because salt causes water retention, which in turn can increase blood pressure.
Drug
Doctors have hundreds of high blood pressure medicine different to choose from.These medications work in different ways to lower blood pressure.
- Calcium Channel Blockers:Calcium channel blockersare drugs used to lower blood pressure.These drugs work by slowing the movement of calcium into heart cells and blood vessel walls, which makes it easier for the heart to pump and widens blood vessels.
- ACE Inhibitors:Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitors is high blood pressure medications that widen blood vessels thereby increasing the amount of blood pumped to the heart and ultimately lowers blood pressure.
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB): Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) has the same effect as ACE inhibitors, but it works through a different mechanism.
- Diuretics: Diuretics are commonly known as "water pills," help the body to get rid of water and salts that are not needed in the urine.Getting rid of excess salt and fluids helps lower blood pressure and can make the heart pump blood lighter.
- Beta-Blockers: Beta-blockers are drugs used to treat high blood pressure by blocking the effects of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart.
- Omega-3 fish oil supplements: In the past 10 years, many Americans have turned to supplements of omega-3 fish oil.Dietary supplements of fish and fish oil have benefits for healthy people and those with heart disease (dr. Ursula Penny)
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